Examples of silver and gold STS-1 Robbins medals. Space News space history and artifacts articles Messages space history discussion forums Sightings worldwide astronaut appearances Resources selected space history documents. To be awarded by the Administrator to hang in Washington, D. Standard U. To be distributed in a manner similar to what was done on ALT. To be used as suitable mementos. Five sets of United Nations Members Flags 4"x6". Five sets of state and territorial flags 4"x6".
Standard Flag of the City of Houston. To be awarded as appropriate. Standard Flag of Texas. Standard Flag of Georgia Institute of Technology. To be awarded by John Young. Standard Flag of Montgomery County, Texas. To be awarded by Robert Crippen.
Standard Flag of the University of Texas. Standard Flag of the City of San Francisco. Standard Flag of the City of Orlando, Florida. Items 16 through 28 will be awarded to participating astronauts in the STS-1 flight. Daniel Brandenstein. Items 29 through will be awarded to the following astronauts. Guion S. Bluford, Jr. Charles F. Bolden, Jr.
After the conclusion of the Gemini program, Young flew as command module pilot of Apollo 10 in and walked on the Moon as commander of Apollo 16 in He later became Chief of the Astronaut Office in Crippen, who had joined NASA in after the cancellation of the Manned Orbiting Laboratory program, was a rookie and would become the first of his astronaut group to fly in space.
If such an event occurred, Crippen would go outside the orbiter, with Young standing by in case Crippen required assistance. During the original planning stages for the early shuttle missions, NASA management felt a need to undertake initial tests of the system prior to the first orbital flight.
This involved an abort being called in the first few moments after launch, and using its main engines, once the SRBs had been jettisoned, to power it back to the launch site. This scenario, while potentially necessary in the event of an early abort being called, was seen as being extremely dangerous and, as a consequence, John Young overruled the proposal, and STS-1 went ahead as the first orbital mission.
The first launch of the Space Shuttle occurred on 12 April , exactly 20 years after the first manned space flight , when the orbiter Columbia , with two crew members, astronauts John W. Young , commander, and Robert L. The launch took place at 7 a. Template:LaunchAttempt Not only was this the first launch of the Space Shuttle, but it marked the first time that solid-fuel rockets were used for a NASA manned launch although all of the Mercury and Apollo astronauts had relied on a solid-fuel motor in their escape towers.
STS-1 was also the first U. The STS-1 orbiter, Columbia , also holds the record for the amount of time spent in the Orbiter Processing Facility OPF before launch — days, the time needed for the replacement of many of its heat shield tiles. The primary mission objectives of the maiden flight were to perform a general check out of the Space Shuttle system, accomplish a safe ascent into orbit and to return to Earth for a safe landing.
The only payload carried on the mission was a Development Flight Instrumentation DFI package, which contained sensors and measuring devices to record the orbiter's performance and the stresses that occurred during launch, ascent, orbital flight, descent and landing. All of these objectives were met successfully, and the orbiter's spaceworthiness was verified. During the second day of the mission, the astronauts received a phone call from Vice President George H.
President Ronald Reagan had originally intended to visit the Mission Control Center during the mission, but at the time was still recovering from an assassination attempt which had taken place two weeks before the launch in fact Reagan had only returned home to the White House the day prior to the launch.
STS-1 was the first test flight of what was, at the time, the most complex spacecraft ever built. You had to push relatively hard to get any type of a signal to the computer to make the airplane change attitude. So a lot of the airplane systems had to be developed because the shuttle wasn't really an airplane, but you had to go through the airplane part of the shuttle to get it on the ground, the part where everybody could see you come back and land.
Even with a proper set of controls though, the shuttle flew like no other winged craft, so Engle, Truly, Crippen and the other pilots had to learn how to fly the orbiter.
Some horses you have really got to jerk on the reigns to get them to go where you want them to go. Some, if you do that, well, you might as well figure out how soft the ground is You were not communicating with it, you were communicating with the computers, which in turn told the airplane what to do," Engle described.
Proposals were put forth at NASA as to whether to modify the vehicle so it could fly autonomously, but Young and Crippen insisted otherwise. Thank goodness that was the decision that prevailed," said Crippen. The STS-1 crew launched on the space shuttle Columbia on April 12, , on a two day and six hour mission that put the space transportation system through its paces. Engle's and Truly's mission had been planned to last twice as long as Young's and Crippen's, but a failed fuel cell cut their mission short.
Crippen, pilot. Their landing marked the completion of a successful two-and-a-third day flight in space and the beginning of a new era of space transportation. It was later removed from atop NASA and moved to the orbiter processing facility for the beginning of refurbishment. Walk inside the historic shuttle carrier aircraft NASA and explore the shuttle era in Independence Plaza during your next visit. Explore the shuttle era.
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